During the Mid-19th century, the United States was troubled by its unruly Mexican neighbor. Disputed boundaries along with the aggressive actions of the Mexicans against American settlers caused Polk to respond. Initially, he pursued a policy of diplomacy by sending John Slidell to negotiate boundaries and rights of Americans. During this time period, the United States and Mexico attempted to hold an amicable relationship. This soon changed, when a military revolution gave the power to General Paredes. Unlike his predecessor, General Herrera, Paredes closed Mexico to Slidell and his envoy resulting in the end of diplomacy. Soon hostilities arose between troops stationed between the rivers Rio del Norte and the Nueces in Texas. This was a problematic area as it was annexed by the United States in 1836, furthering border disputes. The motives of both sides were unclear to the other, resulting in 16 American casualties and the beginning of a war. A war caused from rising tension and obscure borders, and that was further perpetuated by Mexico which had a history of civilian hostility.
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